Knowledge Base

Physiology

Humans aren’t machines—we’re much more complicated. Exercise physiology involves changes in the body from exercise and rest.

From anaerobic threshold to environmental acclimatization, from FTP to PGC-1 alpha, we explore the science of human performance.

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Physiology > Hydration

Cramping runner

The Myth of Cramping

Dehydration? Electrolyte imbalance? Heat? None of these actually causes cramping, according to new theories. Coach Trevor Connor takes a closer look.

heart cardiovascular drift

Cardiovascular Drift, with Dr. Ed Coyle

Cardiovascular drift is measured on the bike by looking at a rise in heart rate relative to power. Dr. Ed Coyle shows us the science behind it.